ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study sought to predict the reasons for skipping breakfast by adolescents aged 13–18 years using the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). @*Methods@#The participants included 1,024 adolescents. The data were analyzed using a complex-sample t-test, the Rao Scott χ2-test, and the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm for decision tree analysis with SPSS v. 27.0. The participants were divided into two groups, one regularly eating breakfast and the other skipping it. @*Results@#A total of 579 and 445 study participants were found to be breakfast consumers and breakfast skippers respectively. Breakfast consumers were significantly younger than those who skipped breakfast. In addition, breakfast consumers had a significantly higher frequency of eating dinner, had been taught about nutrition, and had a lower frequency of eating out. The breakfast skippers did so to lose weight. Children who skipped breakfast consumed less energy, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fiber, cholesterol, vitamin C, vitamin A, calcium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, phosphorus, sodium, iron, potassium, and niacin than those who consumed breakfast. The best predictor of skipping breakfast was identifying adolescents who sought to control their weight by not eating meals. Other participants who had low and middle-low household incomes, ate dinner 3–4 times a week, were more than 14.5 years old, and ate out once a day showed a higher frequency of skipping breakfast. @*Conclusion@#Based on these results, nutrition education targeted at losing weight correctly and emphasizing the importance of breakfast, especially for adolescents, is required. Moreover, nutrition educators should consider designing and implementing specific action plans to encourage adolescents to improve their breakfast-eating practices by also eating dinner regularly and reducing eating out.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study examines the weight control behavior depending on university students’ motives of using social media. @*Methods@#The participants were 447 university students in the Jeonbuk area. Collected data were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and χ 2 tests with SPSS v. 26.0. Considering the motives of using social media, we investigated the usage of social media, dietary behavior related to social media, and weight control behavior. @*Results@#Using the K-clustering method, the motives to use social media were categorized into three clusters: cluster 1 was the interest-centered group, cluster 2 was the multipurpose information-seeking group, and cluster 3 was the relationship-centered group. Among the various social media sites, YouTube (86.8%), Instagram (76.1%), and Facebook (61.1%) were the most visited by the subjects. The dietary behavior related to social media in cluster 2 was significantly higher than clusters 1 and 3 (p < 0.001). Clusters 1 and 2 showed a significantly higher dissatisfaction with one’s weight (p < 0.05) and consequent interest in weight control than cluster 3 (p < 0.001). Cluster 2 used weight control-related information from social media significantly more than other clusters (p < 0.05). Weight control experiences in cluster 1 and 2 were significantly higher than in cluster 3 (p < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#Differences in dietary behavior related to social media and weight control behavior were observed between cluster types of motivation to use social media. Based on the usage motives of university students and their behaviors, we propose that educational programs should be conducted for weight control using social media.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of the study was to investigate whether adherence to the Korea Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) was associated with metabolic syndrome and risk markers. @*Methods@#The participants included 8,345 adults, aged 20–59 years, who took part in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The data were analyzed using a complex-sample t-test, the Rao Scott χ 2 -test, and logistic regression analysis on the SPSS v. 26.0 software. The participants were divided into four groups by quartiles of KHEI scores. @*Results@#The average KHEI score was 61.06 points out of 100, and the women’s score (62.50points) was significantly higher than that of men (59.63 points). The KHEI quartiles status showed significant differences by age (p < 0.001), household income (p < 0.001), smoking status (p < 0.001), and food security. Specifically, the KHEI quartiles in the men showed significant differences in education (p < 0.001) and economic activity (p < 0.001) whereas those of women showed significant differences in alcohol-consumption (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.01) and eating-out (p < 0.001). As the KHEI scores increased, the proportion of subjects with an energy intake below the estimated energy requirement (EER) was lower, and significantly better levels of intake were observed for carbohydrate, protein, vitamin C, calcium, vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 2 , and niacin. The incidence of the metabolic syndrome risk factors, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia for men and hypertension, and hyperglycemia for women showed significant differences. The KHEI scores were inversely associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. @*Conclusion@#Based on these results, we conclude that higher adherence to the KHEI was associated with lower metabolic syndrome risk factors and incidence of the metabolic syndrome.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of the study was to identify the health anxiety issues of middleaged women, their health-promoting behavior, and quality of life as well as to examine the relationship between these variables. @*Methods@#The participants were 334 women in Jeonbuk area. Demographic characteristics, the status of health anxiety, health-promoting behavior, and life quality was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a t-test, analysis of variance, Duncan test, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS ver. 24.0. @*Results@#The score for health anxiety was 37.64 points out of a possible score of 60, and the score for health-promoting behavior was 79.18 points out of a possible score of 115.The score for the quality of life was 101.18 points out of a possible score of 150. The health anxiety scores showed significant differences, varying as per body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05), and interest in weight control (p < 0.05). The health-promoting behavior showed significant differences according to age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.01), income (p < 0.05), menses (p < 0.05), intake of dietary supplements (p < 0.05), perception of body image (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). The quality of life showed significant differences according to BMI (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.01), education level (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that health-promoting behavior was the most influential variable on the quality of life, followed by disease and health anxiety. @*Conclusion@#Based on these results, we conclude that it is necessary to consider educational programs on improving the quality of life of middle-aged women according to the health anxiety levels and health-promoting behavior.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of the study was to identify the health anxiety issues of middleaged women, their health-promoting behavior, and quality of life as well as to examine the relationship between these variables. @*Methods@#The participants were 334 women in Jeonbuk area. Demographic characteristics, the status of health anxiety, health-promoting behavior, and life quality was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a t-test, analysis of variance, Duncan test, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS ver. 24.0. @*Results@#The score for health anxiety was 37.64 points out of a possible score of 60, and the score for health-promoting behavior was 79.18 points out of a possible score of 115.The score for the quality of life was 101.18 points out of a possible score of 150. The health anxiety scores showed significant differences, varying as per body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05), and interest in weight control (p < 0.05). The health-promoting behavior showed significant differences according to age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.01), income (p < 0.05), menses (p < 0.05), intake of dietary supplements (p < 0.05), perception of body image (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). The quality of life showed significant differences according to BMI (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.01), education level (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that health-promoting behavior was the most influential variable on the quality of life, followed by disease and health anxiety. @*Conclusion@#Based on these results, we conclude that it is necessary to consider educational programs on improving the quality of life of middle-aged women according to the health anxiety levels and health-promoting behavior.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Nowadays in Korea, the diagnosis and treatment of the skin diseases by non-dermatologists are surprisingly frequent, and dermatologists often encounter patients who could not distinguish a non-dermatologist from a dermatologist. Thus, misdiagnoses and complications might increase as well. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the awareness and attitudes of patients, who seek treatment for their skin diseases, toward dermatologists and non-dermatologists in Korea. METHODS: Between September and December 2014, a total 221 dermatologic outpatients, who visited Chonbuk National University Hospital, were asked to complete a questionnaire. The questions covered its accordance with their visiting intention, practical ability to differentiate a dermatologist from other specialists, criteria for choosing the clinic for skin conditions, consciousness about cutaneous treatment by dermatologists, and others. RESULTS: The ratio of male to female was 1:1.7, and the mean age was 40.5 (±13.18) years. Even though 34.8% of patients answered that they could distinguish between a dermatologist and a non-dermatologist, only 19.0% of the total patients were able to recognize the signboard of dermatologists. The most common criteria for choosing a clinic was if a dermatologist is present to administer treatment. Most patients did not want to visit a non-dermatologist for both the treatment of skin disease and cosmetic treatment. CONCLUSION: Many patients desiring dermatologic and cosmetic treatments wanted to see dermatologist; however, their ability to distinguish dermatologist from non-dermatologist was found to be very low. We suggest that the medical law in Korea needs to be improved such that the specialists are required to display a symbol issued by their own society on their signboards.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Consciousness , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Intention , Jurisprudence , Korea , Outpatients , Skin , Skin Diseases , Specialization , Tertiary Care CentersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the variables affecting the survival of the four permanent first molars in an adult Korean population using logistic regression analysis. METHODS: The Korean government has been collecting oral health data at the national level at 3-year intervals since 2000. In addition, a national survey was conducted in 2006 among 15,777 persons aged 2-95 years who were stratified by age, gender, and region. The relationship between each of nine objective variables and tooth survival was analyzed by frequency, cross-tabulation, and logistic regression analysis, with age, gender, and economic status as functional variables. The inclusion level was alpha=0.05 and the exclusion level was alpha=0.10. The nine variables were age, occupational status, monthly family income, gender, frequency of brushing the teeth, snack intake per day, presence of diabetes, education level, and smoking (packs per year). RESULTS: The survival rate of the molars decreased with increased age. In individuals who engaged in farming, stock breeding, and fishing, the rate was 2-5 times lower than that of individuals in higher positions in terms of jobs and society. Furthermore, the survival rate for smokers was 5-10 percent lower, compared with non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The most significant predictor of the survival rate of the four permanent molars in Korean adults was age, followed by jobs, smoking, and gender.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Breeding , Education , Employment , Logistic Models , Molar , Oral Health , Smoke , Smoking , Snacks , Survival Rate , ToothABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the variables affecting the survival of the four permanent central incisors in an adult Korean population using logistic regression analysis. METHODS: The Korean government has been collecting oral health data at the national level at 3-yearly intervals since 2000. In addition, a national survey was conducted in 2006 of 15,777 persons aged 2 to 95 years old who were stratified by age, gender, and region. The raw data were input and the relationship between each of eight objective variables and tooth survival was analyzed by frequency, crosstabulation, and logistic regression analysis, with age, gender, and economic status as functional variables. The inclusion level was alpha=0.05 and the exclusion level was alpha=0.10. The eight variables were age, economic status (jobs), monthly family income, gender, frequency of toothbrushing per day, presence of diabetes, education level, and smoking years. RESULTS: The survival rate of the incisors decreased with an increase in age, while that in individuals who engaged in farming, stock breeding, and fishing was 5 to 7 times lower than that in individuals in top positions in terms of jobs and society. Further, the survival rate in individuals with diabetes was 2 to 3 times higher than in those without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The most significant predictor of the survival rate of the four permanent incisors in Korean adults was age, followed by economic status and presence of diabetes.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Breeding , Education , Incisor , Logistic Models , Oral Health , Smoke , Smoking , Survival Rate , Tooth , ToothbrushingABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the predictors of maternal confidence between primipara and multipara mothers. METHODS: The participants enrolled in this study were 145 mothers between 2 and 5 days postpartum. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, chi2 test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The predictors of maternal confidence among primipara mothers were social support, self-esteem, mode of delivery (R2=.287, p<.001). Whereas, gender of baby, antenatal fetal attachment, and educational status explained maternal confidence among multipara mothers (R2=.270, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that when nurses develop programs to encourage maternal confidence for new mothers, they should take into account the differences between predictors of maternal confidence according to the mothers' experience of birth.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Educational Status , Maternal Behavior , Maternal-Fetal Relations , Mothers , Parity , Parturition , Postpartum Period , Child Health , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was a secondary data analysis aimed at identifying the predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the home-dwelling disabled person by using EQ-5D which is a standardized instrument used as a measure of health outcome. METHODS: Data were drawn from the 3rd Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW). Subjects were 1,021 home-dwelling disabled persons over 19 years of age. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: HRQoL (Health Related Quality of Life) is differentiated within age, genders, educational level, employment status, economic status, types and grades of disability, health problems associated with limited mobility, and the limited duration of time. HRQoL is correlated with age, number of cohabiters, educational level, grades of disability, activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental ADL (IADL). HRQoL is significantly associated with ADL, health problems in connection with limited mobility, employment status, types of disability, marital status, grades of disability, and the limited duration of time. These factors explained 63.7% of variance in HRQoL. CONCLUSION: HRQoL among the disabled is related to their characteristics, ADL, and IADL. For this reason, it is necessary to develop health programs to promote those variables required to improve HRQoL.